Meta Description:
Comprehensive guide on human diseases: causes, symptoms, diagnosis tests, treatment methods, medicines, and preventive tips. Stay informed and healthy.
1. Fever (High Temperature)
Causes:
Viral infections (flu, dengue, COVID-19)
Bacterial infections (typhoid, urinary tract infection)
Heatstroke, dehydration, inflammation
Symptoms:
Body temperature above 100.4°F
Chills, sweating, headache, fatigue
Loss of appetite
Diagnosis / Tests:
Body temperature measurement
Blood test (CBC)
Urine test (if infection suspected)
Chest X-ray (if pneumonia suspected)
Treatment Methods:
Rest and hydration
Cool compresses for comfort
Manage underlying cause (antibiotics for bacterial infection)
Medicines:
Paracetamol (500–1000 mg) – fever reducer
Ibuprofen (200–400 mg) – for pain and inflammation
Prevention / Recommendations:
Wash hands and maintain hygiene
Avoid contact with infected persons
Stay hydrated and rest
2. Common Cold & Flu
Causes:
Viral infections (Influenza virus, Rhinovirus)
Seasonal changes, weak immunity
Symptoms:
Runny or blocked nose
Sneezing, sore throat
Mild fever, body aches
Diagnosis / Tests:
Physical examination
Rapid influenza diagnostic test (if necessary)
Treatment Methods:
Symptom relief: hydration, rest, warm fluids
Manage fever and pain
Medicines:
Paracetamol / Ibuprofen – fever, aches
Antihistamines (Cetirizine, Loratadine) – sneezing
Decongestants (Pseudoephedrine) – nasal blockage
Prevention / Recommendations:
Frequent handwashing
Avoid crowded areas
Annual flu vaccination
3. Diabetes (Type 2)
Causes:
Insulin resistance
Obesity, sedentary lifestyle
Genetics
Symptoms:
Frequent urination and thirst
Fatigue, blurred vision
Slow-healing wounds, numbness
Diagnosis / Tests:
Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS)
HbA1c test
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)
Treatment Methods:
Lifestyle modifications: diet, exercise
Monitor blood sugar levels
Medications for blood sugar control
Medicines:
Metformin – first-line therapy
Glibenclamide / Glimepiride – oral hypoglycemic
Insulin – if oral medications insufficient
Prevention / Recommendations:
Maintain healthy weight
Balanced diet (low sugar, high fiber)
Regular exercise
Periodic blood sugar monitoring
4. Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)
Causes:
Genetics, obesity
Stress, high salt diet, sedentary lifestyle
Symptoms:
Often asymptomatic
Headache, dizziness
Shortness of breath in severe cases
Diagnosis / Tests:
Blood pressure measurement
Blood tests (Kidney function, Lipid profile)
ECG or Echocardiography if heart involvement suspected
Treatment Methods:
Lifestyle: reduce salt, exercise, stress management
Medication management
Medicines:
ACE inhibitors (Enalapril, Lisinopril)
Beta-blockers (Atenolol, Metoprolol)
Diuretics (Hydrochlorothiazide)
Prevention / Recommendations:
Healthy diet and regular exercise
Avoid smoking & alcohol
Regular BP checkups
5. Thyroid Disorders
Causes:
Autoimmune disease (Hashimoto’s, Graves’)
Iodine deficiency
Genetic factors
Symptoms:
Hypothyroidism: fatigue, weight gain, constipation, dry skin
Hyperthyroidism: weight loss, rapid heartbeat, sweating, anxiety
Diagnosis / Tests:
TSH, T3, T4 blood tests
Thyroid antibody tests
Treatment Methods:
Replace or suppress thyroid hormone as per type
Regular monitoring
Medicines:
Levothyroxine – hypothyroidism
Methimazole / Propylthiouracil – hyperthyroidism
Prevention / Recommendations:
Adequate iodine intake
Routine thyroid tests
6. Heart Disease
Causes:
Coronary artery disease, high cholesterol
Smoking, obesity, sedentary lifestyle
Diabetes, hypertension
Symptoms:
Chest pain, angina
Shortness of breath
Fatigue, palpitations
Diagnosis / Tests:
ECG, Echocardiography
Blood tests (Lipid profile, Troponin)
Stress test
Treatment Methods:
Medications to control BP, cholesterol
Surgery if severe (angioplasty, bypass)
Medicines:
Aspirin / Clopidogrel – prevent clots
Beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors
Statins (Atorvastatin, Rosuvastatin)
Prevention / Recommendations:
Healthy diet, exercise
Avoid tobacco & alcohol
Regular checkups
7. Cancer (General)
Causes:
Genetic mutations
Lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol, poor diet)
Environmental exposure
Symptoms:
Unexplained weight loss
Persistent fatigue
Lumps, skin changes, unusual bleeding
Diagnosis / Tests:
Biopsy, imaging (CT, MRI, PET scan)
Blood markers (Tumor markers)
Treatment Methods:
Surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy
Targeted therapy
Pain & symptom management
Medicines:
Tamoxifen, Imatinib – targeted therapy
Morphine or analgesics – pain management
Prevention / Recommendations:
Avoid smoking & alcohol
Healthy diet & exercise
Regular screening (mammogram, colonoscopy, Pap test)
General Preventive Measures
Maintain personal hygiene
Balanced diet & hydration
Regular physical activity
Avoid smoking & alcohol
Timely vaccination
Regular medical checkups
FAQ Section
Q1. Which disease tests are most important?
👉 Blood sugar, BP, thyroid, cholesterol, and regular health checkups help detect common diseases early.
Q2. Can medicines cure all diseases?
👉 Medicines treat or manage symptoms; lifestyle & prevention are equally important.
Q3. How often should I do health screenings?
👉 Adults should have annual checkups; specific tests may vary by age and risk factors.
