Meta Description:
Comprehensive guide on human diseases: causes, symptoms, diagnosis tests, treatment methods, medicines, and preventive tips. Stay informed and healthy.
1. Fever (High Temperature)
Causes:
Viral infections (flu, dengue, COVID-19)
Bacterial infections (typhoid, urinary tract infection)
Heatstroke, dehydration, inflammation
Symptoms:
Body temperature above 100.4°F
Chills, sweating, headache, fatigue
Loss of appetite
Diagnosis / Tests:
Body temperature measurement
Blood test (CBC)
Urine test (if infection suspected)
Chest X-ray (if pneumonia suspected)
Treatment Methods:
Rest and hydration
Cool compresses for comfort
Manage underlying cause (antibiotics for bacterial infection)
Medicines:
Paracetamol (500–1000 mg) – fever reducer
Ibuprofen (200–400 mg) – for pain and inflammation
Prevention / Recommendations:
Wash hands and maintain hygiene
Avoid contact with infected persons
Stay hydrated and rest
2. Common Cold & Flu
Causes:
Viral infections (Influenza virus, Rhinovirus)
Seasonal changes, weak immunity
Symptoms:
Runny or blocked nose
Sneezing, sore throat
Mild fever, body aches
Diagnosis / Tests:
Physical examination
Rapid influenza diagnostic test (if necessary)
Treatment Methods:
Symptom relief: hydration, rest, warm fluids
Manage fever and pain
Medicines:
Paracetamol / Ibuprofen – fever, aches
Antihistamines (Cetirizine, Loratadine) – sneezing
Decongestants (Pseudoephedrine) – nasal blockage
Prevention / Recommendations:
Frequent handwashing
Avoid crowded areas
Annual flu vaccination
3. Diabetes (Type 2)
Causes:
Insulin resistance
Obesity, sedentary lifestyle
Genetics
Symptoms:
Frequent urination and thirst
Fatigue, blurred vision
Slow-healing wounds, numbness
Diagnosis / Tests:
Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS)
HbA1c test
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)
Treatment Methods:
Lifestyle modifications: diet, exercise
Monitor blood sugar levels
Medications for blood sugar control
Medicines:
Metformin – first-line therapy
Glibenclamide / Glimepiride – oral hypoglycemic
Insulin – if oral medications insufficient
Prevention / Recommendations:
Maintain healthy weight
Balanced diet (low sugar, high fiber)
Regular exercise
Periodic blood sugar monitoring
4. Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)
Causes:
Genetics, obesity
Stress, high salt diet, sedentary lifestyle
Symptoms:
Often asymptomatic
Headache, dizziness
Shortness of breath in severe cases
Diagnosis / Tests:
Blood pressure measurement
Blood tests (Kidney function, Lipid profile)
ECG or Echocardiography if heart involvement suspected
Treatment Methods:
Lifestyle: reduce salt, exercise, stress management
Medication management
Medicines:
ACE inhibitors (Enalapril, Lisinopril)
Beta-blockers (Atenolol, Metoprolol)
Diuretics (Hydrochlorothiazide)
Prevention / Recommendations:
Healthy diet and regular exercise
Avoid smoking & alcohol
Regular BP checkups
5. Thyroid Disorders
Causes:
Autoimmune disease (Hashimoto’s, Graves’)
Iodine deficiency
Genetic factors
Symptoms:
Hypothyroidism: fatigue, weight gain, constipation, dry skin
Hyperthyroidism: weight loss, rapid heartbeat, sweating, anxiety
Diagnosis / Tests:
TSH, T3, T4 blood tests
Thyroid antibody tests
Treatment Methods:
Replace or suppress thyroid hormone as per type
Regular monitoring
Medicines:
Levothyroxine – hypothyroidism
Methimazole / Propylthiouracil – hyperthyroidism
Prevention / Recommendations:
Adequate iodine intake
Routine thyroid tests
6. Heart Disease
Causes:
Coronary artery disease, high cholesterol
Smoking, obesity, sedentary lifestyle
Diabetes, hypertension
Symptoms:
Chest pain, angina
Shortness of breath
Fatigue, palpitations
Diagnosis / Tests:
ECG, Echocardiography
Blood tests (Lipid profile, Troponin)
Stress test
Treatment Methods:
Medications to control BP, cholesterol
Surgery if severe (angioplasty, bypass)
Medicines:
Aspirin / Clopidogrel – prevent clots
Beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors
Statins (Atorvastatin, Rosuvastatin)
Prevention / Recommendations:
Healthy diet, exercise
Avoid tobacco & alcohol
Regular checkups
7. Cancer (General)
Causes:
Genetic mutations
Lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol, poor diet)
Environmental exposure
Symptoms:
Unexplained weight loss
Persistent fatigue
Lumps, skin changes, unusual bleeding
Diagnosis / Tests:
Biopsy, imaging (CT, MRI, PET scan)
Blood markers (Tumor markers)
Treatment Methods:
Surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy
Targeted therapy
Pain & symptom management
Medicines:
Tamoxifen, Imatinib – targeted therapy
Morphine or analgesics – pain management
Prevention / Recommendations:
Avoid smoking & alcohol
Healthy diet & exercise
Regular screening (mammogram, colonoscopy, Pap test)
General Preventive Measures
Maintain personal hygiene
Balanced diet & hydration
Regular physical activity
Avoid smoking & alcohol
Timely vaccination
Regular medical checkups
FAQ Section
Q1. Which disease tests are most important?
Blood sugar, BP, thyroid, cholesterol, and regular health checkups help detect common diseases early.
Q2. Can medicines cure all diseases?
Medicines treat or manage symptoms; lifestyle & prevention are equally important.
Q3. How often should I do health screenings?
Adults should have annual checkups; specific tests may vary by age and risk factors.
Dr. Ahmed Ali Mollah
MBBS (DMC)FCGP (Medicine)C-Endos (Bardem)FRSH (London)
Gastroenterologist
19 Years of Experience Overall
BMDC Reg.: Coming Soon
ID: D30DB70
